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1.
BrJP ; 6(3): 263-268, July-sept. 2023. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1520304

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Pain is one of the main reasons for seeking medical care. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the treatment of pain complaints in a medical clinic ward. METHODS: Cross-sectional and descriptive study at the Santa Lucinda Hospital (Hospital Santa Lucinda - HSL) and Sorocaba Hospital Complex (Conjunto Hospitalar de Sorocaba - CHS). Data was collected by: (1) interviewing the participants using a structured questionnaire drawn up by the researchers, and (2) accessing information such as pain records and drug prescriptions in the medical records. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 85 patients, 11.8% in the HSL and 88.2% in the CHS. More than 80% of patients had already experienced pain at some point in their lives, whether chronic or acute. Forty-one percent of patients had pain during hospitalization, regardless of the reason for admission. A minority of pain events had the complaint recorded in their medical records. Drugs were prescribed for 73.0% of the patients, mostly on demand. There was a mismatch between the type of drug prescribed and the intensity of the pain in 80% of prescriptions. CONCLUSION: The complaint of pain is prevalent in Internal Medicine hospitalizations. In this study, 41.2% of the pain was musculoskeletal, followed by abdominal pain, regardless of the reason for hospitalization. The complaint of pain was medicated in most of the patients' pain reports, but around 23% of the patients complaining of pain did not receive drugs. Most patients (80%) with pain received drugs that were inconsistent with the intensity of the pain; however, the recording of the complaint of pain in the medical records remains insufficient.


RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Dor é um dos principais motivos por assistência ao serviço médico-hospitalar. Desta forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o atendimento de queixas dolorosas em enfermaria de clínica médica. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal e descritivo nos hospitais Santa Lucinda (HSL) e Conjunto Hospitalar de Sorocaba (CHS). A coleta de dados foi realizada por: (1) entrevista com os participantes direcionada por um questionário estruturado elaborado pelos pesquisadores, e (2) acesso a informações como registro de dor e prescrição de fármacos no prontuário. RESULTADOS: A amostra foi composta por 85 pacientes, sendo 11.8% no HSL e 88,2% no CHS. Mais de 80% dos participantes relataram experiência prévia de dor aguda ou crônica em algum momento da vida. Quarenta e um por cento dos participantes relatou dor durante a internação independente da causa da internação. A minoria dos eventos de dor constava nos registros da queixa em seu prontuário. Houve fármaco prescrito para 73% dos pacientes, sendo em sua maioria, por demanda. Houve uma inadequação entre o tipo de fármaco prescrito e a intensidade da dor em 80% das prescrições. CONCLUSÃO: A queixa de dor é um sintoma prevalente entre pacientes internados de Clínica Médica. Neste estudo, 41,2%; das dores foram musculoesqueléticas, seguida de dores abdominais, independente do motivo da internação. A queixa de dor foi medicada na maior parte dos relatos de dor dos pacientes, porém cerca de 23% dos pacientes com queixa de dor não receberam fármacos. A maior parte dos pacientes (80%) com dor recebeu fármacos incoerentes à intensidade da dor; porém o registro da queixa de dor nas evoluções dos prontuários permanece insuficiente.

2.
Rev. bras. educ. méd ; 46(supl.1): e154, 2022. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1407399

ABSTRACT

Resumo: Introdução: O Teste de Progresso (TP) como instrumento de avaliação na educação médica constitui-se em relevante subsídio para avaliar a eficiência do programa. Contudo, a percepção do aluno quanto ao seu desempenho e o impacto do TP na aprendizagem podem variar de acordo com contextos pessoais, educacionais, sociais e culturais. Objetivo: Esta pesquisa descritiva de abordagem qualitativa objetivou analisar a percepção dos estudantes do curso de graduação em Medicina de um centro universitário do noroeste paulista sobre o seu desempenho no TP, bem como o impacto dessa percepção em curto prazo sobre suas estratégias de estudo. Método: A amostra de conveniência foi constituída por 20 participantes após aprovação da pesquisa no Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Utilizou-se a técnica de grupos focais em dois momentos distintos para a coleta de dados: um grupo foi constituído por dez estudantes do quinto período, e o outro, por dez estudantes do oitavo período. A análise de dados fundamentou-se na análise de conteúdo temática descrita por Bardin et al. Resultado: Identificou-se que os estudantes entrevistados consideram: 1. as condições de realização do TP inadequadas; 2. o TP uma ferramenta pedagógica relevante que permite a autoavaliação e a correção das lacunas de aprendizagem, mas sugerem que seja aprimorado; 3. a participação no TP determinou sentimentos contraditórios para os estudantes, conforme o período que estão cursando. Conclusão: O TP é considerado pelos estudantes uma "ferramenta pedagógica" relevante. Entretanto, o impacto dos resultados de desempenho obtidos e o feedback recebidos não promoveram em curto prazo mudanças no plano de estudo dos estudantes entrevistados. A prática da autoavaliação ainda não se constitui cultura na vida acadêmica. É preciso considerar novas estratégias para a entrega do feedback formativo que permita a discussão das questões e dos resultados do curso/das turmas de forma reflexiva, de modo a potencializar o processo ensino-aprendizagem.


Abstract: Introduction: The Progress Test (PT) as an assessment tool in medical education is an important tool to evaluate the efficiency of the program. However, students' perception of their performance and the impact of the PT on learning may vary according to personal, educational, social and cultural contexts. Objective: This descriptive research with a qualitative approach aimed to analyze the perception of undergraduate medical students of a University Center in northwestern São Paulo about their performance in the PT, as well as the impact of this perception in the short term on their study strategies. Method: The convenience sample was composed of twenty participants, after approval of the research by the Research Ethics Committee. The focus group technique was used in two different moments for data collection; one group consisted of ten fifth-period students and the other, of ten eighth-period students. Data analysis was based on content analysis, thematic modality, as described by Bardin (2011). Results: It was identified that the interviewed students consider: 1. the PT performance conditions as inadequate; 2. the PT a relevant pedagogical tool, which allows self-assessment and the correction of learning gaps, but they suggest that it should be improved; 3. sitting the PT determined contradictory feelings for the students, according to their period of study. Conclusion: The Progress Test is considered by students a relevant "pedagogical tool". However, the impact of the performance results obtained and the feedback received did not promote changes in the study plan of the interviewed students in the short term. The practice of self-assessment is not yet a culture in academic life. It is necessary to consider new strategies for the delivery of formative feedback, allowing for reflective discussion of the issues and the course/class results in order to enhance the teaching-learning process.

3.
Adv Rheumatol ; 62: 3, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1360070

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To provide guidelines on the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination in patients with immune-mediated rheumatic diseases (IMRD) to rheumatologists considering specific scenarios of the daily practice based on the shared-making decision (SMD) process. Methods: A task force was constituted by 24 rheumatologists (panel members), with clinical and research expertise in immunizations and infectious diseases in immunocompromised patients, endorsed by the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology (BSR), to develop guidelines for COVID-19 vaccination in patients with IMRD. A consensus was built through the Delphi method and involved four rounds of anonymous voting, where five options were used to determine the level of agreement (LOA), based on the Likert Scale: (1) strongly disagree; (2) disagree, (3) neither agree nor disagree (neutral); (4) agree; and (5) strongly agree. Nineteen questions were addressed and discussed via teleconference to formulate the answers. In order to identify the relevant data on COVID-19 vaccines, a search with standardized descriptors and synonyms was performed on September 10th, 2021, of the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, and LILACS to identify studies of interest. We used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale to assess the quality of nonrandomized studies. Results: All the nineteen questions-answers (Q&A) were approved by the BSR Task Force with more than 80% of panelists voting options 4—agree—and 5—strongly agree—, and a consensus was reached. These Guidelines were focused in SMD on the most appropriate timing for IMRD patients to get vaccinated to reach the adequate covid-19 vaccination response. Conclusion: These guidelines were developed by a BSR Task Force with a high LOA among panelists, based on the literature review of published studies and expert opinion for COVID-19 vaccination in IMRD patients. Noteworthy, in the pandemic period, up to the time of the review and the consensus process for this document, high-quality evidence was scarce. Thus, it is not a substitute for clinical judgment.

4.
ARS med. (Santiago, En línea) ; 46(4): 77-83, dic. 07, 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1368182

ABSTRACT

La educación médica genera impacto en la salud de las poblaciones; formar médicos profesionalizados con capacidad para adaptarse a entornos cambiantes permite comprender con mayor detalle la epidemiología de una comunidad o país y mejorar la salud pública. Dar al estudiante de medicina las herramientas necesarias para proporcionar una atención de calidad puede mejorar la salud de cientos de pacientes. La educación médica está llena de desafíos y se encuentra en una búsqueda continua de excelencia. El modelo educa-tivo actual busca centrarse en las competencias requeridas por los sistemas de salud y educación de México, pero COVID-19 rompió paradigmas y revolucionó la manera en la que se enseña medicina, centrándose en el aprendizaje autorregulado. El mundo está en constante cambio y la educación médica debe evolucionar con el mundo. La tecnología es la herramienta que revoluciona la enseñanza y permite introducir la globalización a las escuelas, aprendiendo así sobre otras culturas y su manera de practicar la medicina. La salud mental de los estudiantes es determinante para evitar la deserción y formar médicos sanos. El integrar condiciones de bienestar a nivel nacional e institucional tendrá un impacto positivo en la vida de los estudiantes, y los ayudará a desempeñarse mejor en el futuro. El reto de la educación médica actualmente es inspirar la formación de médicos capaces de insertarse en un mercado laboral competitivo, sin descuidar la atención al paciente, con habilidades directivas y organizacionales, evitando la sobre-especialización como limitante del desarrollo profesional.


Medical education creates an impact on the health of the population. To train professional doctors capable of adapting to changing environments allows a more detailed understanding of the epidemiology in a community or country; and improves public health. When medical students have the tools needed to provide quality care, it can improve the health of hundreds of patients. Medical edu-cation is full of challenges and is in a continuous search of excellence. The current educational model focuses on the skills required by Mexico ́s health and educational systems, but COVID-19 broke paradigms and revolutionised the way we teach medicine, focusing on self-regulated learning. The world is in constant change, and medical education has to evolve with the world. Technology is a tool that revolutionises teaching and allows us to introduce globalisation to schools while learning about other cultures and how they practice medicine. Focusing on the mental health of students is a determining factor in training healthy doctors and avoiding desertion. Incor-porating well-being conditions at hospitals and schools can have a positive impact on the lives of the students, helping them have a better performance. The challenge of medical education today is to inspire the training of doctors capable of inserting themselves in a competitive labour market without neglecting patient care and with managerial and organisational skills, avoiding over-specialization as a limitation of professional development


Subject(s)
Technology , Education, Medical , Mexico , Health , Education , Medicine
5.
São Paulo med. j ; 139(5): 520-534, May 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1290262

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Growth in aging of the population has led to increasing numbers of elderly people presenting cognitive impairment and evolution to dementia. There is still no consensus within primary care on the best strategy for screening for cognitive impairment among elderly people. Standardization of a simple but reasonably accurate instrument for a brief cognitive test, in primary care environments, would enable healthcare professionals to identify individuals who require a more in-depth assessment of cognition. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the instruments used by healthcare professionals in studies conducted worldwide and ascertain the most suitable instruments for screening for cognitive impairment among individuals aged 60 years or over, in the Brazilian population. DESIGN AND SETTING: Scoping review developed at Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, Brazil. METHOD: A systematic search of the literature was conducted for primary studies using instruments to screen for cognitive impairment among individuals aged 60 years or over, in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central and LILACS databases. RESULTS: A total of 983 articles were identified by two independent reviewers, from which 49 were selected for full-text reading, based on the criteria defined for this review. From this, 16 articles adhering to the theme of screening for cognitive impairment among the elderly were selected for in-depth analysis. CONCLUSION: The Mini-Mental State Examination was the instrument most cited in these studies. The Pfeffer Functional Activities Questionnaire and the Verbal Fluency Test (semantic category) present characteristics favoring further studies, for testing as screening instruments for cognitive impairment among elderly people in Brazil.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Dementia , Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis , Brazil/epidemiology , Mass Screening , Neuropsychological Tests
6.
Adv Rheumatol ; 60: 09, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1088656

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: EpiFibro (Brazilian Epidemiological Study of Fibromyalgia) was created to study patients with fibromyalgia (FM). Patients were included since 2011 according to the classification criteria for FM of the American College of Rheumatology of 1990 (ACR1990). Objective: To analyze the therapeutic measures prescribed by Brazilian physicians. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study of a multicenter cohort. The therapeutic measures were described using descriptive statistics. Results: We analyzed 456 patients who had complete data in the registry. The mean age was 54.0 ± 11.9 years; 448 were women (98.2%). Almost all patients (98.4%) used medications, 62.7% received health education, and less than half reported practicing physical exercise; these modalities were often used in combination. Most patients who practiced exercises practiced aerobic exercise only, and a significant portion of patients combined it with flexibility exercises. The most commonly used medication was amitriptyline, followed by cyclobenzaprine, and a minority used medication specifically approved for FM, such as duloxetine and pregabalin, either alone or in combination. Combinations of two or three medications were observed, with the combination of fluoxetine and amitriptyline being the most frequent (18.8%). Conclusion: In this evaluation of the care of patients with FM in Brazil, it was found that the majority of patients are treated with a combination of pharmacological measures. Non-pharmacological methods are underused, with aerobic exercise being the most commonly practiced exercise type. The most commonly prescribed single drug was amitriptyline, and the most commonly prescribed combination was fluoxetine and amitriptyline. Drugs specifically approved for FM are seldom prescribed.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Fibromyalgia/drug therapy , Fibromyalgia/therapy , Records , Fluoxetine/therapeutic use , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cohort Studies , Physical Therapy Modalities , Drug Combinations , Pregabalin/therapeutic use , Duloxetine Hydrochloride/therapeutic use , Amitriptyline/therapeutic use
7.
Rev. bras. reumatol ; 57(2): 129-133, Mar.-Apr. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-844217

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: EpiFibro (Brazilian Epidemiological Study of Fibromyalgia) was created to study Fibromyalgia patients. Patients were included since 2011 according to the 1990 American College of Rheumatology Classification Criteria for Fibromyalgia (ACR1990). Objectives: To determine how many patients still fulfill the ACR1990 and the ACR2010 criteria in 2014; to determine the correlation between the impact of FM and to describe data on the follow-up evaluation. Methods: This is a cross sectional study in a multicenter cohort of patients. The data was collected between 2013 and 2015. Physician included patients that fulfilled the ACR1990 criteria on the date of entry. The follow-up data were considered only for patients with at least two evaluations. A minimally significant change was considered to be a 30% variation of parameters scores. Results: 810 patients’ data were analyzed. Patients presented a mean age of 51.8 ± 11.5 years old. There were 786 female. Most patients met both criteria. There was a greater fulfilling of the ACR2010. There was a moderate correlation between Polysymptomatic Distress Scale and Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire. Three hundred fourteen patients with more than one assessment were found, but 88 patients were excluded. Thus, 226 patients with one follow-up monitoring parameter were considered (Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire: 222; Polysymptomatic Distress Scale: 199; both: 195). The mean follow-up time was 9.1 ± 7.5 months (1–44). Most patients became stable. Conclusion: InEpiFibro, most patients fulfill simultaneously the ACR1990 and ACR2010. A larger number of patients fulfill the ACR2010 at the time of the evaluation. There was a moderate correlation between the Polysymptomatic Distress Scale and the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire. Most patients remained stable over time.


Resumo Introdução: O EpiFibro (Estudo Epidemiológico Brasileiro de Fibromialgia) foi criado para estudar pacientes com fibromialgia. Foram incluídos pacientes desde 2011 de acordo com os critérios de classificação para a fibromialgia do American College of Rheumatology de 1990 (ACR1990). Objetivos: Determinar quantos pacientes ainda atendem aos critérios ACR1990 e ACR2010 em 2014; determinar a correlação entre o impacto da FM medido pelo Questionário de Impacto da Fibromialgia (FIQ) e pela Polysymptomatic Distress Scale (PDS) e descrever dados sobre a avaliação de seguimento. Métodos: Estudo transversal em uma coorte multicêntrica de pacientes. Os dados foram coletados entre 2013 e 2015. O médico incluiu pacientes que atenderam aos critérios ACR1990 no momento da entrada. Consideraram-se os dados de seguimento apenas dos pacientes com pelo menos duas avaliações. Uma variação de 30% nos escores dos parâmetros foi considerada uma alteração minimamente significativa. Resultados: Analisaram-se os dados de 810 pacientes. Os pacientes apresentaram média de 51,8 ± 11,5 anos. Havia 786 mulheres. A maior parte dos pacientes atendeu a ambos os critérios. Houve um maior atendimento aos critérios ACR2010. Houve uma correlação moderada entre a PDS e o FIQ. Encontraram-se 314 pacientes com mais de uma avaliação, mas 88 pacientes foram excluídos. Assim, foram considerados 226 pacientes com um parâmetro de monitoramento no seguimento. (FIQ: 222; PDS: 199; ambos: 195). O tempo médio de seguimento foi de 9,1 ± 7,5 meses (1 a 44). A maior parte dos pacientes tornou-se estável. Conclusão: No EpiFibro, a maior parte dos pacientes atendia simultaneamente ao ACR1990 e ao ACR2010. Uma maior quantidade de pacientes atendia ao ACR2010 no momento da avaliação. Houve uma correlação moderada. A maior parte dos pacientes manteve-se estável ao longo do tempo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Rheumatology/standards , Fibromyalgia/diagnosis , Registries/standards , Severity of Illness Index , Pain Measurement , Brazil/epidemiology , Fibromyalgia/classification , Fibromyalgia/physiopathology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Diagnosis, Differential , Middle Aged
8.
Rev. bras. reumatol ; 57(supl.2): s467-s476, 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-899484

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective To establish guidelines based on scientific evidence for the diagnosis of fibromyalgia. Material and methods Evidence collection was performed based on 9 questions regarding the diagnosis of fibromyalgia, structured using the Patient, Intervention or Indicator, Comparison and Outcome (P.I.C.O.), with searches in the main, primary databases of scientific information. After defining the potential studies to support the recommendations, they were graded according to evidence and degree of recommendation.


Resumo Objetivo Estabelecer diretrizes baseadas em evidências científicas para o diagnóstico da fibromialgia. Material e métodos A coleta de evidências foi elaborada a partir de nove questões sobre diagnóstico da fibromialgia, estruturadas por meio do PICO (Paciente, Intervenção ou Indicador, Comparação e Outcome), com busca nas principais bases primárias de informação científica. Após definir os estudos potenciais para sustentação das recomendações, esses foram graduados pela força da evidência e grau de recomendação. Resultados e conclusões As questões resultaram em nove recomendações para o diagnóstico da fibromialgia com base nas evidências de literatura e na opinião dos experts que participaram do trabalho.


Subject(s)
Humans , Fibromyalgia/diagnosis , Rheumatology , Societies, Medical , Brazil , Evidence-Based Medicine
9.
Rev. bras. reumatol ; 55(3): 251-255, May-Jun/2015. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-752091

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Definir o perfil do profissional que atende no setor primário de saúde na cidade de Sorocaba, analisar o meio em que está inserido e tentar identificar se há condições para o atendimento de doenças reumáticas de baixa complexidade e os possíveis motivos que levariam a um alto grau de encaminhamento aos especialistas. Métodos: Fizemos um estudo quantitativo no qual médicos da atenção básica de saúde foram convidados a responder um questionário que abordava aspectos pessoais do profissional, além de técnicos de quatro doenças reumáticas: osteoartrite, gota, fibromialgia e osteoporose, as quais serviram de base para avaliar o atendimento a doenças de baixa complexidade nas unidades básicas de saúde (UBS). Resultados: Observou-se que o profissional encontra-se inserido num sistema organizacional que dificulta sua atuação; além disso, perceberam-se certas dificuldades pessoais técnicas. Essas condições somadas acabam por ser fatores que determinam uma qualidade de atendimento aquém da esperada. Conclusão: É necessário que haja uma revisão de como a educação médica se dá, a fim de buscar uma formação mais qualificada e voltada para as necessidades básicas do sistema de saúde, além de uma reestruturação de todo sistema de saúde do ponto de vista de organização e gestão, para que haja uma condição adequada para o desenvolvimento de uma boa prática médica e, consequentemente, uma boa prestação de serviço à população. .


Objectives: The study had as main goal to define the profile of the attending professional working at the primary healthcare sector in the city of Sorocaba, and to analyze the environment in which this professional is inserted, trying to identify if there are conditions for the care of low-complexity rheumatic diseases and possible reasons that would lead to a high degree of referral to specialists. Methods: A quantitative study was performed in which physicians of primary health care were invited to answer a questionnaire that addressed personal aspects, besides the technical aspects of four rheumatic diseases: osteoarthritis, gout, fibromyalgia and osteoporosis, which served as the basis for evaluating the care for low-complexity diseases in UBSs. Results: It was observed that the professional is part integral of an organizational system that hinders his/her performance; moreover, certain personal difficulty techniques were realized. Together, these conditions turned out to be the factors that determine a quality of care that falls short of that expected. Conclusion: There must be a review of how medical education is offered, in order to seek a more qualified training, focused on the basic needs of the health system, as well as a restructuring of the entire health system in terms of its organization and management, in order to attain a suitable condition for the development of a good medical practice, and thus, for providing a good service to the community. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Primary Health Care , Rheumatic Diseases/diagnosis , Brazil , Urban Health
10.
Rev. bras. reumatol ; 55(1): 37-42, Jan-Feb/2015. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-744670

ABSTRACT

Introdução A associação da fibromialgia (FM) e de lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (LES) tem sido investigada com resultados conflitantes em relação ao impacto de uma condição na outra. Objetivos Determinar a frequência de FM em uma amostra de pacientes com LES atendidos no Conjunto Hospitalar de Sorocaba (CHS) e o impacto da FM na atividade do LES e na qualidade de vida, bem como do LES na FM. Material e métodos Estudo descritivo e transversal. Incluíram-se pacientes que preenchem os critérios de classificação para LES e/ou de FM do Colégio Americano de Reumatologia (ACR). A amostra total foi dividida em três grupos: FM/LES (pacientes com associação LES e FM), LES (somente pacientes com LES) e FM (somente pacientes com FM). As seguintes variáveis foram Questionário de Impacto da Fibromialgia (FIQ), Índice de Atividade do Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico (Sledai), Índices dos Critérios Diagnósticos de Fibromialgia de 2010 (IGS E IDG) e o SF-36. Resultados A prevalência de pacientes com FM entre os pacientes com LES foi de 12%. O FIQ não apontou diferença entre os grupos e indicou que o LES não interferiu no impacto causado pela FM isoladamente. A presença da FM em pacientes com LES não influenciou a atividade clínica dessa doença. Observou-se um forte impacto da FM na qualidade de vida nos pacientes com LES e não foi observado o contrário. Conclusões A prevalência de FM observada nos pacientes com LES é de 12%. A presença de FM afeta adversamente a qualidade de vida dos pacientes com LES. .


Introduction The association of fibromyalgia (FM) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been investigated, with conflicting results regarding the impact of a condition on the other. Objectives To determine the frequency of FM in a sample of patients with SLE treated at the Hospital Complex of Sorocaba (CHS) and the impact of FM in SLE activity and quality of life, as well as of SLE in FM. Materials and Methods Descriptive and correlational study. Patients who met the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for SLE and/or FM were included. The total sample was divided into three groups: FM/SLE (patients with association of SLE and FM), SLE (SLE patients only) and FM (FM patients only). The following variables were used: Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), activity index of SLE (SLEDAI), Indices of Diagnostic Criteria for Fibromyalgia 2010 (SSI end GPI) and SF-36. Results The prevalence of patients with FM among SLE patients was 12%. FIQ showed no difference between groups, indicating that SLE did not affect the impact caused by FM alone. The presence of FM in SLE patients did not influence the clinical activity of this disease. A strong impact of FM on the quality of life in patients with SLE was observed; the opposite was not observed. Conclusions The prevalence of FM observed in SLE patients is 12%. The presence of FM adversely affects the quality of life of patients with SLE. .


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Fibromyalgia/complications , Fibromyalgia/diagnosis , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/diagnosis , Cross-Sectional Studies , Quality of Life , Self Report , Severity of Illness Index
11.
Psychol. neurosci. (Impr.) ; 7(1): 9-14, Jan.-June 2014. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-710019

ABSTRACT

The objective of this article is to review some aspects of the fibromyalgia syndrome and its mechanisms of development. We also discuss how to go from preclinical research to clinical practice. Fibromyalgia is a clinical syndrome whose main features include diffuse musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and cognitive disorders. Russell & Larsson (2009) proposed "pronociceptive" and "antinociceptive" systems under normal conditions. Functional pain states such as fibromyalgia are derived from central disturbances in pain processing. The association with anxiety and depression is a negative prognostic factor. Distress is an important part of its physiopathology. The concomitance of other functional syndromes is a rule. The already known etiopathogenic mechanisms of fibromyalgia can be applied in clinical practice for diagnosis and rational therapeutic approaches. Pharmacological but mainly nonpharmacological measures must be applied. Although much information still needs to be obtained, the clinician presently has sufficient tools for efficiently treating fibromyalgia patients. An important aspect is that such knowledge needs to reach primary care physicians because the prevalence of fibromyalgia does not allow all patients to be treated by specialists.


Subject(s)
Fibromyalgia/etiology , Fibromyalgia/physiopathology , Fibromyalgia/therapy , Anxiety , Cognition Disorders , Depression , Musculoskeletal Pain/physiopathology
12.
Rev. bras. reumatol ; 54(2): 90-94, Mar-Apr/2014. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-710214

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Estudar a automedicação para dor entre estudantes de cursos de medicina e enfermagem da PUCSP em comparação com estudantes das outras áreas de conhecimento. Material e métodos: Esses dados foram obtidos em dois grupos: A - estudantes da área da saúde e B - estudantes da área de ciências humanas e exatas. Utilizou-se um questionário elaborado pelos autores. A análise estatística usou o teste do qui-quadrado e de Fischer. Resultados: Na área de saúde há um predomínio do gênero feminino, e nas outras áreas um predomínio masculino. Na área de saúde a maior parte dos estudantes cursa medicina, e nas outras áreas engenharia. Observa-se um alto índice de automedicação em ambos os grupos, constatando-se que os participantes do grupo da área de saúde usam significativamente mais opioides e anti-inflamatórios que os demais estudados. Conclusão: A frequência do uso de medicamentos para dor é maior no grupo de estudantes da área de saúde, e a automedicação é praticada igualmente entre estudantes da área de saúde e das demais áreas. .


Objective: To study the self-medication for pain among students of medicine and nursing of the PUCSP compared with students from other knowledge areas. Material and methods: Data were obtained in two groups: A - students from the health knowledge area, and B - students of law and engineering. It was used a questionnaire developed by the authors. Statistical analysis used the Chi-square test and the Fischer. Results: In relation to gender, there is a predominance of women in the health group and a male majority in other one. In the health group there was a greater number of medical students, and in the control group of engineering. It is observed a high degree of selftreatment in both groups. It appears that participants in the health group have used more anti-inflammatory drugs and opioid than the others subjects studied. Conclusion: The frequency of medication for pain is higher in the group of health students, and self-medication is equally practiced among students of health and other areas. .


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Musculoskeletal Pain/drug therapy , Self Medication/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Cohort Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Students, Medical , Students, Nursing , Universities
13.
Rev. bras. reumatol ; 53(6): 460-463, nov.-dez. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-699274

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: A fibromialgia (FM) é uma condição reumatológica que se caracteriza por um quadro de dor crônica generalizada, hiperalgesia e alodinia. Podem estar presentes sintomas como fadiga, distúrbios do sono, rigidez matinal, cefaleia e parestesias. Também está associada a outras comorbidades, como depressão, ansiedade, síndrome do intestino irritável, síndrome miofascial e síndrome uretral inespecífica. Poucos trabalhos têm abordado a evolução da FM, em especial em relação a médio e longo prazo. Por que alguns pacientes se saem melhor do que outros, apesar de serem submetidos ao mesmo tratamento? OBJETIVO: Determinar se há correlação entre variáveis demográficas e clínicas, e a gravidade da FM. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Sessenta mulheres que preencheram os critérios de classificação para FM do American College of Rheumatology de 1990 foram divididas em três grupos, de acordo com a gravidade estabelecida pelo Questionário de Impacto da Fibromialgia (FIQ): severa (70-100); moderada (50-70) e leve (0-50). RESULTADOS: Foram analisadas nove variáveis demográficas e clínicas, sendo observada diferença significativa (P < 0,05) apenas nos grupos de maiores escores do FIQ, com a presença de depressão e interesses trabalhistas. CONCLUSÃO: O impacto da FM medido pelo FIQ se correlaciona diretamente com a intensidade da depressão e a presença de interesses trabalhistas.


INTRODUCTION: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a rheumatic condition characterized by a picture of generalized chronic pain, hyperalgesia and allodynia. Symptoms such as fatigue, sleep disorders, morning stiffness, headache and paresthesia can also be present. It is also associated with other comorbidities, such as depression, anxiety, irritable bowel syndrome, myofascial pain syndrome and nonspecific urethral syndrome. Few studies have addressed the evolution of FM, especially regarding medium and long-term evolution, such as why some patients do better than others, despite the fact of being submitted to the same treatment. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether there is a correlation between demographic and clinical variables and FM severity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty women who met the classification criteria for FM of the American College of Rheumatology of 1990 were divided into three groups, according to the severity established by the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ): severe (70-100), moderate (50 to 70) and mild (0 to 50). RESULTS: Nine demographic and clinical variables were assessed, with a significant difference (P <0.05) being observed only in the groups showing higher FIQ scores with the presence of depression and workers' compensation interests. Conclusion: The impact of FM measured by the FIQ is directly correlated with the severity of depression and the presence of workers' compensation interests.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Fibromyalgia/diagnosis , Fibromyalgia/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Demography , Fibromyalgia/complications , Severity of Illness Index , Surveys and Questionnaires
14.
Rev. bras. reumatol ; 53(5): 382-387, set.-out. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-696060

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: A fibromialgia (FM) é uma condição dolorosa do sistema musculoesquelético, geralmente acompanhada de vários sintomas em outros sistemas, com uma prevalência no Brasil estimada em 2,5%. Apresentamos os dados iniciais do EpiFibro, um banco de dados nacional de pacientes com FM atendidos em serviços públicos e privados. OBJETIVO: Avaliar como é feito o diagnóstico da doença, identificar um conjunto de domínios clínicos considerados relevantes por médicos e por pacientes com FM, analisar o impacto da doença na qualidade de vida dos pacientes e comparar os achados entre pacientes de serviços público e privado. MÉTODOS: Foram analisadas as respostas das primeiras 500 mulheres nesse banco de dados. Esse banco de dados foi baseado em um questionário contendo dados demográficos e clínicos. O Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), traduzido e validado para o Brasil, foi preenchido pelos médicos e/ou pacientes. RESULTADOS: Uma análise preliminar do banco de dados EpiFibro revelou que as pacientes com FM no Brasil têm um alto impacto da doença avaliada pelo FIQ, uma alta prevalência de sintomas associados, um baixo grau de educação (um achado que pode ser explicado pelo fato de a saúde pública no Brasil ser usada principalmente por aqueles desfavorecidos socialmente) e a maioria percebe a sua dor como sendo difusa a partir do início da doença. CONCLUSÃO: Depressão e ansiedade são percebidas como as principais causas dos sintomas da FM, mas uma quantidade significativa considera o esforço no trabalho como o primeiro gatilho. Há um atraso de poucos anos em busca de ajuda médica e para chegar ao reumatologista.


INTRODUCTION: Fibromyalgia syndrome (FS) is a common painful condition of the musculoskeletal system that is typically accompanied by several symptoms in other systems. In Brazil, the prevalence of FS is estimated at 2.5%. Here, we present the initial data from Epi-Fibro, a nationwide databank of FS patients seen in public and private settings. OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to assess how the diagnosis of FS was made, identify a set of clinical domains considered relevant by both clinicians and patients in cases of FS, analyse the impact of disease on patient quality of life, and compare the findings among patients of public and private services. METHODS: Based on the results of questionnaires, we analysed data corresponding to the first 500 women in the database. Questionnaires pertaining to demographic and clinical data and the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), which was translated and validated for Brazilian patients, were completed by the clinicians and/or patients. RESULTS: Preliminary analysis of the EpiFibro databank revealed that female FS patients in Brazil reported a high impact of disease, as measured by the FIQ, a high prevalence of associated symptoms, and a low degree of education (consistent with the public health care in Brazil used mainly by the underserved). In addition, most patients perceived their pain as diffuse from the onset of disease. CONCLUSION: Depression and anxiety were seen as the main triggers of FM symptoms, but a significant proportion of the subjects perceived work strain as the initial trigger.We also observed a delay of a few years in seeking medical help and examination by a rheumatologist.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Fibromyalgia , Brazil , Databases, Factual , Fibromyalgia/diagnosis , Fibromyalgia/epidemiology , Surveys and Questionnaires
15.
Acta paul. enferm ; 26(6): 575-580, 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-702541

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Determinar o impacto da cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio na Qualidade de Vida dos pacientes; analisar e comparar dimensões da Qualidade de Vida antes e após a intervenção cirúrgica; comparar variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas aos aspectos de depressão e ansiedade, pré e pós-operatórios. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo exploratório no qual foram incluídos 78 pacientes no pré e pós-operatório. Foram utilizados instrumentos de pesquisa internacionais e validados para avaliar a qualidade de vida e os aspectos de depressão e ansiedade. RESULTADOS: Houve melhora significativa em todos os domínios da Qualidade de Vida, depressão e ansiedade (p=0,05). Domínios físico e social do 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey apresentaram menor pontuação dos escores (13,46 e 3,03, respectivamente), bem como o domínio social do instrumento Macnew (3,03). CONCLUSÃO: Cirurgia de revascularização ocasionou impacto positivo na Qualidade de Vida desses pacientes.


OBJECTIVE: Determining the impact of coronary artery bypass grafting on the Quality of Life of patients, analyzing and comparing dimensions of Quality of Life before and after surgery; comparing sociodemographic and clinical variables with the aspects of depression and anxiety, in the pre and postoperative periods. METHODS: A descriptive exploratory study in which 78 patients were included in the pre and postoperative periods. International instruments of research were used and validated to assess quality of life and the aspects of depression and anxiety. RESULTS: There was significant improvement in all domains of the Quality of Life, depression and anxiety (p=0.05). The physical and social domains of the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey showed lower scores (13.46 and 3.03, respectively), as well as the social domain of the Macnew instrument (3.03). CONCLUSION: Coronary artery bypass surgery caused positive impact on the Quality of Life of these patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Cardiomyopathies/surgery , Health Education , Myocardial Revascularization , Quality of Life , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Treatment Outcome
16.
Rev. bras. reumatol ; 51(6): 658-661, dez. 2011. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-624867

ABSTRACT

A síndrome do anticorpo antifosfolípide (SAF), mais comum em mulheres, manifesta-se clinicamente como trombose e/ou abortamentos de repetição. Anemia hemolítica autoimune e manifestações neurológicas, cardíacas e cutâneas são comuns. Relata-se o caso de um paciente do gênero masculino cuja manifestação inicial da doença foi gangrena em pavilhão auricular, e o diagnóstico de SAF se deu por meio de biópsia de pele do membro inferior, que mostrava vasculopatia trombótica, sem evidência de vasculite. Esse resultado é um dos dois critérios maiores que, associados a um critério menor, fecham o diagnóstico dessa doença. Discutem-se neste caso os possíveis diagnósticos diferenciais e como eles se diferenciam da doença em foco, além da importância que a biópsia teve no diagnóstico de SAF nesse indivíduo.


Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), more common in females, manifests clinically as thrombosis and/or recurrent fetal loss. Hemolytic autoimmune anemia and neurological, cardiac and cutaneous manifestations are common. This is the case report of a male patient whose first manifestation of the disease was gangrene of the auricle. The diagnosis of APS was established by biopsy of the lower limb skin, which showed thrombotic vasculopathy with no evidence of vasculitis. This is one of the two major criteria, which, along with a minor criterion, establishes the diagnosis of APS. Possible differential diagnoses are discussed. The importance of the biopsy in the APS diagnosis of this male patient is emphasized.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Antiphospholipid Syndrome/complications , Ear Auricle/pathology , Antiphospholipid Syndrome/diagnosis , Gangrene
17.
Rev. bras. reumatol ; 51(4): 304-308, jul.-ago. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-593316

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a aplicabilidade dos instrumentos de avaliação de dor em três ambientes hospitalares. METODOLOGIA: Foram estudados 60 pacientes com dor musculoesquelética atendidos no Conjunto Hospitalar de Sorocaba: enfermaria da Ortopedia, ambulatório de Reumatologia e Unidade Regional de Emergência (Pronto-socorro). QUESTIONÁRIOS: Inventário breve de dor (BPI); questionário McGill de Dor (MPQ); escala visual analógica para dor (EVA). RESULTADOS: Na urgência, houve um predomínio do gênero masculino com média de idade de 35 anos. No ambulatório, foram entrevistados 18 homens com idade média de 42 anos e duas mulheres com idade média de 55 anos. Na enfermaria, predominavam os homens com idade média de 30,7 anos. No pronto-socorro e na enfermaria, a duração foi menor para a EVA e maior para o MPQ. A duração para a EVA foi menor e não diferiu com relação aos locais. Na enfermaria e no pronto-socorro, a preferência dos pacientes recaiu pelo BPI sendo que, na enfermaria, a EVA foi segunda opção. No ambulatório, a preferência dos pacientes recaiu sobre o BPI (80 por cento) seguido do MPQ e os entrevistadores se dividiram igualmente entre esses mesmos questionários. No pronto-socorro, a preferência dos entrevistadores foi pelo BPI (40 por cento), os restantes foram divididos igualmente. Houve uma prevalência maior de concordância do que de discordância das preferências entre pacientes e entrevistadores. CONCLUSÃO: Os instrumentos multidimensionais para avaliação da dor têm limitações em sua aplicabilidade no cotidiano da assistência hospitalar à saúde.


OBJECTIVE: To assess the applicability of pain assessment instruments in three hospital settings. METHODOLOGY: This study comprised 60 patients with musculoskeletal pain cared for at the Conjunto Hospitalar de Sorocaba: orthopedic ward, Rheumatology outpatient clinic, and orthopedic emergency unit. QUESTIONNAIRES: Brief Pain Inventory (BPI); McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ); Visual Analogue Scale for pain (VAS). RESULTS: In the emergency unit, the male sex predominated, the mean age being 35 years. In the outpatient clinic, 18 men (mean age, 42 years) and two women (mean age, 55 years) were interviewed. In the orthopedic ward, men predominated (mean age, 30.7 years). In the orthopedic emergency unit and ward, the duration of application was shorter for VAS and longer for MPQ. The VAS duration of application was the shortest and did not differ in the three settings. In the orthopedic ward and emergency unit, patients preferred the BPI, and, at the ward, the VAS was the second option. In the outpatient clinic, the patients preferred BPI (80 percent), followed by MPQ, while the interviewers were equally divided between those same questionnaires. In the orthopedic emergency unit, the interviewers preferred the BPI (40 percent), and the remaining interviewers were equally divided between the other two instruments. There was more agreement than disagreement between the preferences of patients and interviewers. CONCLUSION: The multidimensional instruments for pain assessment have limitations regarding their applicability in daily health care activities.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Musculoskeletal Pain/diagnosis , Pain Measurement , Surveys and Questionnaires , Ambulatory Care Facilities , Emergency Service, Hospital , Patients' Rooms
18.
Acta fisiátrica ; 18(1): 27-31, mar. 2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-663367

ABSTRACT

O exercício físico é recomendado para promover a saúde e melhorar a qualidade de vida. As condições para a realização de atividade física devem incluir local, roupas, supervisão e elaboração de antemão. O objetivo desta pesquisa verificar se existe influência da renda familiar na freqüência e na forma de se praticar exercícios físicos. Utilizou-se um questionário especialmente elaborado para os dados socio demográficos, freqüência, tipo e condições da prática de exercícios. Setenta pacientes, divididos em dois grupos: assistidos por instituições públicas de saúde (A) e assistidos por organizações privadas (B). Em ambos os grupos se observou uma maioria de mulheres (A - 66%; B - 60%) e casados. Em relação ao status sócio-econômico, os membros do grupo A têm maior renda e escolaridade.Os resultados mostram maior freqüência de atividade física entre os conveniados. Ambos os grupos têm a maioria dos componentes que não praticam exercícios. Entre aqueles que praticam exercício regularmente, a maior parte o faz de 1-3 vezes por semana, com duração entre 30-50 minutos. A modalidade principal é caminhar sem supervisão ou preparação como aquecimento ou alongamento. Osníveis econômicos e educacionais não influenciam a freqüência, tipo e condições da prática de exercícios.


Exercise is recommended in order to promote health and to improve quality of life. The conditions required for physical activity should include location, clothing, supervision and preparation beforehand. The objective of this research is to see if family income influences the frequency and manner of doing physical exercise. A questionnaire containing data on demographics, frequency, type and conditions of exercise practiced involving seventy subjects, divided into two groups: assisted by public health institutions (A) and private rganizations (B) was used. Both groups consisted of primarily women (A – 66 %; B - 60%) and married persons. In relation to socio-economic status, members of the B group have a higher income and educational level. There is greater frequency of physical activity among the members of group B. The majority of participants in both groups do not exercise. In both groups, among those who do exercise regularly, the majority does so around 1-3 times per week, fora length of between 30-50 minutes. The main modality is walking without supervision or preparation such as warm ups or stretching. The economicand educational levels do not influence the frequency, type and conditions of exercise practiced.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Social Class , Educational Status , Exercise , Quality of Life , Surveys and Questionnaires
19.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Clín. Méd ; 8(5)set.-out. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-561606

ABSTRACT

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A dor crônica é considerada um problema global que envolve sofrimento desnecessário, incapacidade progressiva e custo socioeconômico relevante. Observou-se que a dor musculoesquelética é uma das principais causas de encaminhamento para o nível de atenção secundário. Dessa forma, o grupo responsável por essa constatação propõe o estabelecimento de recomendações baseadas em evidências científicas com o intuito de capacitar os médicos do setor primário no atendimento dessa síndrome e reduzir a necessidade desses encaminhamentos. O objetivo deste estudo foi propor recomendações para o tratamento de dor musculoesquelética crônica em unidades básicas de saúde. CONTEÚDO: O tratamento da dor crônica é sintomático e objetiva melhora e/ou manutenção da função locomotora e da qualidade de vida. Para realização adequada do tratamento, deve-se levar em conta o diagnóstico de base, tratamento farmacológico (analgésicos, anti-inflamatórios, opioides fracos e medicamentos adjuvantes - antidepressivos e anticonvulsivantes) e não farmacológico (educação em saúde, prática de exercícios físicos, fisioterapia e acupuntura). CONCLUSÃO: As diretrizes/recomendações propostas foram consideradas adequadas para o tratamento da dor musculoesquelética crônica e deverão ser submetidas à avaliação clínica na prática.


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Chronic pain is considered a global problem that involves unnecessary grief, progressive disability and relevant socioeconomic cost. It was found that musculoskeletal pain is a major cause of referral to secondary care level. Thus, the group responsible for this finding suggests the establishment of recommendations based on scientific evidence in order to train the doctors in primary care of this syndrome and reduce the need for such referrals. The aim of this study is to propose recommendations for the treatment of chronic musculoskeletal pain in primary health. CONTENTS: The treatment of chronic pain is symptomatic and objective improvement and/or maintenance of locomotor function and quality of life. For suitable therapy must take into account the underlying diagnosis, drug therapy (analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, weak opioids and adjuvant drugs - antidepressants and anticonvulsants) and non-pharmacological treatment (health education, physical exercise, physical therapy and acupuncture). CONCLUSION: The proposed recommendations were considered appropriate for the treatment of chronic musculoskeletal pain and should be submitted to clinical evaluation in practice.


Subject(s)
Humans , Chronic Disease , Musculoskeletal Diseases , Health Centers , Pain
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